Table 3 Causal association of serum uric acid levels with PAH after adjustment for confounding factors.

From: Mendelian randomization study of serum uric acid levels and urate-lowering drugs on pulmonary arterial hypertension outcomes

Traits

Discovery

Replication

nSNPs

P

OR 95% CI

nSNPs

P

OR 95% CI

Smoking

91

0.005

1.368 (1.102–1.699)

85

0.021

1.876 (1.100-3.199)

Alcohol intake

98

0.008

1.337 (1.077–1.660)

91

0.038

1.822 (1.032–3.217)

Body mass index

435

0.019

1.469 (1.064–2.028)

266

0.020

2.419 (1.151–5.082)

Chronic kidney disease

82

0.000

1.436 (1.174–1.756)

81

0.044

1.665 (1.013–2.735)

Sicca syndrome

86

0.001

1.392 (1.142–1.698)

84

0.030

1.698 (1.053–2.738)

Rheumatoid arthritis

97

0.003

1.395 (1.122–1.733)

108

0.030

1.775 (1.057–2.980)

Systemic sclerosis

84

0.001

1.399 (1.153–1.698)

81

0.040

1.655 (1.023–2.678)

Systemic lupus erythematosus

88

0.001

1.398 (1.146–1.705)

84

0.032

1.689 (1.046–2.727)

Pulmonary embolism

91

0.001

1.381 (1.138–1.675)

90

0.026

1.716 (1.065–2.765)

Bronchiectasis

82

0.001

1.390 (1.138–1.699)

79

0.014

1.849 (1.133–3.016)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

93

0.001

1.374 (1.134–1.664)

90

0.037

1.686 (1.033–2.753)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

91

0.001

1.369 (1.133–1.654)

90

0.037

1.684 (1.031–2.749)

Interstitial lung disease endpoints

94

0.001

1.374 (1.138–1.660)

92

0.029

1.700 (1.056–2.736)

Mixed connective tissue disease

85

0.001

1.386 (1.139–1.686)

82

0.036

1.686 (1.034–2.747)

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