Table 4 Comparison of average F1 scores among different methods.

From: Non-intrusive load monitoring based on time-enhanced multidimensional feature visualization

Ref.

Characteristic

Training model

setResult (%)

PLAID

WHITED

REDD

HRAD

23

V-I + harmonic

SE-ResNet

96

96

45

V-I

CGAN

95.3

98.31

43

V-I

VGG16 + SVM

98.2

44

Color-encoded V-I

BOA + CNN

87

45

V-I

CNN + Siamese + BP

99.2

46

WVI + MTF + I-GAF

EN-SE-RECNN

97.44

95.43

96.84

47

Time-frequency features

DOSL

95.78

Proposed

Three-dimensional space-time color V-I

ECA-ResNet

97.3

98.8