Fig. 4 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 4

From: Human type I interferons protect Vero E6 and ARPE-19 cells against West Nile virus and are neutralized by pathogenic autoantibodies

Fig. 4

Blocking of IFN-α2 activity utilizing sera from patients with WNV neuroinvasive disease. The rate of WNV infection was evaluated by measuring virus-induced cytopathic effects in ARPE-19 cells (A) at 24 h post-infection and Vero E6 cells (B) at 48 h post-infection, both treated with varying concentrations of IFN-α2 (10,000, 500, 100, and 50 pg/mL). Despite the presence of IFN-α2, increased WNV replication was observed when cells were treated with all concentrations of IFN-α2 in combination with sera from patients with neuroinvasive WNV disease and neutralizing autoantibodies (IFN-I-NTAbs) against IFN-α2 (n = 5). At 10,000 pg/mL, the neutralizing effect of these sera was reduced but not completely abolished, as the protective activity of IFN-α2 was only partially restored. This effect was compared to treatment with sera from WNV patients without IFN-I-NTAbs (n = 2). All sera were tested at a single dilution of 1:10. All experiments were performed in triplicate.

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