Fig. 1

Inhibiting the viability of COAD cells using metformin. To evaluate the effects of metformin on COAD cells depending on their tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, cell viability was assessed in three cell lines treated with metformin (10 mM) and the control group (0 mM metformin). (A) SW480, T stage; (B) SW620, N stage; and (C) HCT 116, M stage, respectively. *p-value < 0.05; **p-value < 0.01.