Table 2 Material properties of massive mine rock.

From: Exploring the time-dependent behaviors of the rock mass roof of tunnels in open underground spaces of coal mines through numerical investigation

Property

Value

Unit

Elastic modulus (E)

10 GPa

Pa

Poisson’s ratio (ν)

0.2

–

Cohesion (c)

1 MPa

Pa

Friction angle (φ)

30°

°