Fig. 3
From: Modeling of sand-cultivated substrate for Gobi facility agriculture and validation of trenching test

Mechanism of bulk angle measurement. (1) Funnel, (2) Funnel opening, (3) Accumulated material, (4) Bulk angle, (5) Base. (a) Side view of the concept for measuring the angle of repose. (b) Front view of the concept for measuring the angle of repose (2D plane diagram).