Table 5 Mean ratio of decomposed components (u-components) to the original signal.

From: A parameter adaptive EEFO VMD method to mitigate noise and trend interference of blast vibration signals

Mean ratios

EMD

EWT

EEFO-VMD

ξ1

9.415 × 10−2

2.384 × 10−6

5.501 × 10−5

ξ2

−1.412 × 10−1

−5.155 × 10−6

9.095 × 10−5

ξ3

4.659 × 10−1

−1.077 × 10−5

1.639 × 10−4

ξ4

−1.246 × 100

−5.248 × 10−7

4.060 × 10−4

ξ5

2.871 × 10−1

9.571 × 10−1

9.617 × 10−1

ξ6

−0.417 × 100

  

ξ7

3.204 × 10−1

  

ξ8

9.332 × 10−1

  
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