Fig. 4 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 4

From: Microbial allies recruited by Bacillus subtilis JCK-1398 to defend pine trees against pinewood nematode

Fig. 4

Effect of Bacillus subtilis JCK-1398 on the composition of nematode-associated microbiota. (A) Heatmap showing the relative abundance of the top 25 bacterial genera in the microbiota associated with B. xylophilus nematodes. Manhattan distance was used for clustering, with Z-score standardization indicating the relative abundance of each genus across samples. (B) Stacked bar chart comparing the microbial composition at the genus level in nematodes isolated from untreated and B. subtilis JCK-1398-treated pine seedlings, illustrating the differences in microbial community structure following treatment.

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