Fig. 6
Identification and nematicidal activity of Pantoea dispersa isolated from pinewood nematode extracted from pine seedlings treated with Bacillus subtilis JCK-1398. (A) Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16 S rRNA sequence data of microbes isolated from nematodes in JCK-1398-treated seedlings (BC) and untreated seedlings (N) compared to the type of strain sequences. (B) Phylogenetic placement of the isolated microbial strain BC11 based on its 16 S rRNA sequence, showing its assignment to a separate cluster closely related to Pantoea dispersa. Bootstrap values (based on 1000 replicates) are shown at the nodes. GenBank accession numbers for each sequence are provided in parentheses, with reference sequences sourced from type strains. (C) Evaluation of nematicidal activity by the selected bioagent B. subtilis JCK-1398, the nematode isolated from P. dispersa strain BC11, using line and scatter graphs to represent nematode mortality rates following treatment with various concentrations of cell-free culture filtrates from P. dispersa BC11 compared to a control treatment with sterilised broth. Mortality was recorded two days post-treatment. An asterisk (*) above the error bar indicates a significant difference (P < 0.05).
