Table 2 Association between loneliness and suicidal ideation, K6 score ≥ 13 (n = 1842).

From: The association between loneliness, suicidal ideation, and psychological distress considering family compositions: a cross-sectional study in a Japanese rural area

Exposure variable

Outcome variables

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

OR 1 (95% CI2)

OR 1 (95% CI2)

OR 1 (95% CI2)

Number of participants with suicidal ideation

Loneliness

 Presence (n = 541)

34

12.39 (5.46–28.14)

10.56 (4.31–25.86)

10.91 (4.45–26.79)

 Absence (n = 1301)

7

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

 

Number of participants with K6 score ≥ 13

   

Loneliness

 Presence (n = 541)

152

13.73 (9.38–20.09)

11.97 (8.05–17.80)

11.69 (7.84–17.42)

 Absence (n = 1301)

36

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

  1. 1OR = Odds Ratio, 2 CI = Confidence Interval.
  2. Model 1: crude model.
  3. Model 2 (adjustment variables): age, sex, marital status, subjective economic status, family composition and medical history.
  4. Model 3 (adjustment variables): social isolation in addition to Model 2.
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