Table 3 Distribution of anatomical location of titanium plates and types of plates used.
From: Analysis of factors influencing the removal of titanium bone plates in maxillofacial trauma patients
Variable | Details | Frequency | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
Anatomical location of titanium plate | Mandible bone | 161 | 38.33% |
Zygomatic bone | 105 | 25% | |
Maxilla | 98 | 23.33% | |
Orbital bone | 35 | 8.33% | |
Nasal bone | 21 | 5% | |
Type of titanium plate used | Microplate | 224 | 53.33% |
Miniplate | 161 | 38.33% | |
Reconstruction plate | 35 | 8.33% | |
Duration since the insertion of titanium bone plate | Less than 6 months | 224 | 53.33% |
6 months to 1 year | 98 | 23.33% | |
More than 2 years | 63 | 15% | |
1 to 2 years | 28 | 6.67% | |
6 months | 7 | 1.67% | |
Type of material of plate | Titanium alloy | 238 | 56.67% |
Pure titanium | 119 | 28.33% | |
Unknown | 63 | 15% | |
Have you undergone the removal of titanium plate | Yes | 406 | 96.67% |
No | 14 | 3.33% | |
Primary reason of removal of titanium plate | Infection | 91 | 21.67% |
Growing age | 77 | 18.33% | |
Persistent pain | 70 | 16.67% | |
Patient request E.G palpable | 70 | 16.67% | |
Plate exposure | 42 | 10% | |
Surgeon recommendation E.G for MRI | 42 | 10% | |
Discomfort | 28 | 6.67% | |
If infection was the primary reason please specify the type and location of infection | No | 315 | 75% |
Localized infection | 84 | 20% | |
Systemic infection | 14 | 3.33% | |
Chronic infection | 7 | 1.67% | |
If the plate exposure was the reason please specify the nature and extent of exposure | No | 238 | 56.67% |
Both | 119 | 28.33% | |
Soft tissue | 63 | 15% | |
Were there any additional reason contributing to the decision for plate removal | No | 161 | 38.33% |
Bone healing complication | 140 | 33.33% | |
Plate fracture | 49 | 11.67% | |
Damage to adjacent structures E.G teeth | 42 | 10% | |
Allergic reaction to titanium | 28 | 6.67% | |
Postoperative complication following the removal of titanium bone plate | None | 161 | 38.33% |
Pain | 133 | 31.67% | |
Infection | 98 | 23.33% | |
Non-healing wound | 28 | 6.67% | |
Was there any requirement for the additional surgery following the removal of plate | Yes | 378 | 90% |
No | 42 | 10% | |
Satisfaction with outcome of plate removal surgery | Satisfied | 189 | 45% |
Very satisfied | 112 | 26.67% | |
Neutral | 63 | 15% | |
Dissatisfied | 56 | 13.33% | |
Improvement in overall quality of life of post plate removal | Yes | 322 | 76.67% |
No | 77 | 18.33% | |
Uncertain | 21 | 5% | |
Would you recommend plate removal to other patients experiencing similar issues | Yes | 287 | 68.33% |
No | 105 | 25% | |
May be | 28 | 6.67% |
