Table 4 Association of the factors that influence the removal of the plate.

From: Analysis of factors influencing the removal of titanium bone plates in maxillofacial trauma patients

Variable	Details	Persistent pain	Infection	Discomfort	Patient request E.G palpable	Plate exposure	Growing age	Surgeon recommendation E.G for MRI	Test value (df)	P-value
Gender	Male	50.17	65.22	20.07	50.17	30.1	55.18	30.1	25.22 (6)	< 0.001
Gender	Female	19.83	25.78	7.93	19.83	11.9	21.82	11.9	25.22 (6)	< 0.001
Occupation	Unemployed	35	35	14	42	14	0	28	342.62 (18)	< 0.001
	Employed	14	35	7	28	21	0	14
	Retired	7	0	7	0	7	0	0
	Student	14	21	0	0	0	77	0
Time relapse since maxillofacial trauma	6 months	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	257.28 (24)	< 0.001
	6 months to 1 year	7	42	7	7	14	0	21
	Less than 6 months	28	42	14	35	14	77	14
	1 to 2 years	0	7	7	14	0	0	0
	More than 2 years	28	0	0	14	14	0	7
Etiology of maxillofacial trauma	Road traffic accident	42	35	14	28	0	21	7	273.24 (30)	< 0.001
	Sport injury	7	21	0	0	0	21	0
	Physical assault	14	7	7	14	21	14	28
	Fall	7	7	7	7	14	21	7
	Industrial accident	0	21	0	7	7	0	0
	N/A	0	0	0	14	0	0	0
History of previous surgery	No	50.17	65.22	20.07	50.17	30.1	55.18	30.1	26.59 (6)	< 0.001
History of previous surgery	Yes	19.83	25.78	7.93	19.83	11.9	21.82	11.9	26.59 (6)	< 0.001
If yes specify the type of surgery	No	49	77	21	42	28	63	21	128.29 (24)	< 0.001
	Trauma surgery	14	7	7	14	0	14	14
	Other .c section	0	7	0	0	7	0	0
	Tumor resection	7	0	0	7	7	0	7
	Orthognatic surgery	0	0	0	7	0	0	0
Anatomical location of titanium plate	Mandible bone	21	63	0	35	0	35	7	264.84 (24)	< 0.001
	Maxilla	28	0	21	14	14	14	7
	Zygomatic bone	21	7	0	7	21	28	21
	Orbital bone	0	7	0	14	7	0	7
	Nasal bone	0	14	7	0	0	0	0
Type of titanium plate used	Miniplate	21	63	0	35	0	35	7	138.83 (12)	< 0.001
	Microplate	49	21	28	21	35	42	28
	Reconstruction plate	0	7	0	14	7	0	7
Duration since the insertion of titanium bone plate	6 months	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	257.28 (24)	< 0.001
	6 months to 1 year	7	42	7	7	14	0	21
	Less than 6 months	28	42	14	35	14	77	14
	1 to 2 years	0	7	7	14	0	0	0
	More than 2 years	28	0	0	14	14	0	7
Type of material of plate	Titanium alloy	49	70	14	28	35	42	0	180.26 (12)	< 0.001
	Pure titanium	14	14	14	42	7	7	21
	Unknown	7	7	0	0	0	28	21
Have you undergone the removal of titanium plate	Yes	70	91	28	70	28	77	42	130.34 (6)	< 0.001
Have you undergone the removal of titanium plate	No	0	0	0	0	14	0	0	130.34 (6)	< 0.001
If infection was the primary reason please specify the type and location of infection	No	70	0	28	63	42	77	35	359.31 (18)	< 0.001
	Localized infection	0	70	0	7	0	0	7
	Chronic infection	0	7	0	0	0	0	0
	Systemic infection	0	14	0	0	0	0	0
If the plate expore was the reason please specify the nature and extent of exposure	Both	14	70	0	0	28	7	0	292.76 (12)	< 0.001
	No	56	0	28	63	0	56	35
	Soft tissue	0	21	0	7	14	14	7
Were there any additional reason contributing to the decision for plate removal	No	49	0	28	28	14	7	35	547.98 (24)	< 0.001
	Bone healing complication	7	84	0	14	28	0	7
	Plate fracture	14	7	0	14	0	14	0
	Allergic reaction to titanium	0	0	0	14	0	14	0
	Damage to adjacent structures E.G Teeth	0	0	0	0	0	42	0
Postoperative complication following the removal of titanium bone plate	Pain	21	7	14	21	28	28	14	357.25 (18)	< 0.001
	Infection	0	70	7	14	0	0	7
	Non-healing wound	0	0	0	0	0	28	0
	None	49	14	7	35	14	21	21
Was there any requirement for the additional surgery following the removal of plate	Yes	70	84	28	70	14	77	35	179.69 (6)	< 0.001
	No	0	7	0	0	28	0	7	179.69 (6)	< 0.001
Satisfaction with outcome of plate removal surgery	Satisfied	35	56	0	49	0	14	35	222.5 (18)	< 0.001
	Neutral	21	0	14	7	0	21	0
	Very satisfied	14	21	7	14	28	21	7
	Dissatisfied	0	14	7	0	14	21	0

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Table 4 Association of the factors that influence the removal of the plate.

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