Table 1 Demographics and fundus parameters of normal participants and patients with glaucoma.

From: Relationships between distance from the fovea to the disc and macular retinal layer thickness differ between normal and glaucomatous eyes

Variables

Normal (190 eyes of 124 participants)

Glaucoma (149 eyes of 117 patients)

P values*

Age (years)

48.9 ± 9.6 (30–71)

51.6 ± 9.7 (31–70)

0.07

Male/female

57/67

41/76

0.11

Right eye/left eye

89/101

79/70

0.26

Visual acuity (logMAR)

– 0.10 ± 0.08 (– 0.18–0.30)

– 0.07 ± 0.09 (– 0.30–0.15)

0.024

MD (dB)

– 0.22 ± 1.14 (– 3.48–2.29)

– 4.90 ± 3.39 (– 11.81–2.28)

< 0.0001*

Spherical equivalent (diopter)

– 3.8 ± 2.3 (– 9.1–1.0)

– 4.4 ± 2.9 (– 10.8–0.6)

0.016

Axial length (mm)

25.0 ± 1.2 (22.2–27.4)

25.2 ± 1.3 (22.4–27.5)

0.10

Corneal radius (mm)

7.7 ± 0.2 (7.0–8.3)

7.7 ± 0.3 (7.1–8.5)

0.92

Intraocular pressure (mmHg)

14.0 ± 2.3 (8–20)

13.6 ± 2.5 (9–22)

0.60

Fovea-disc distance (mm)

4.78 ± 0.38 (3.93–5.76)

4.95 ± 0.39 (4.13–6.35)

0.0005*

Fovea-disc angle (degrees)

7.2 ± 3.6 (– 2.7–19.0)

8.0 ± 3.6 (– 3.4–20.9)

0.07

Ovality index

0.89 ± 0.12 (0.66–1.23)

0.86 ± 0.15 (0.56–1.37)

0.28

Torsion angle (degrees)

– 6.3 ± 33.7 (– 88.4–88.8)

0.30 ± 33.0 (– 81.4–89.4)

0.08

Disc area (mm2)

2.03 ± 0.41 (1.20–3.79)

2.11 ± 0.53 (0.96–3.92)

0.07

Retinal artery angle (degree)

137.4 ± 20.1 (90–179)

130.6 ± 17.2 (98–176)

0.004

Average cpRNFL thickness (µm)

103.9 ± 8.4 (79.2–124.9)

79.6 ± 13.1 (40.1–118.9)

< 0.0001*

Average macular RNFL thickness (µm)

41.3 ± 3.7 (27.2–52.7)

31.5 ± 4.4 (19.6–44.4)

< 0.0001*

Average GCIPL thickness (µm)

64.3 ± 3.8 (53.8–76.0)

54.2 ± 5.9 (32.5–67.4)

< 0.0001*

Average outer retinal thickness (µm)

166.1 ± 7.4 (148.7–183.7)

166.7 ± 9.1 (144.5–192.1)

0.34

Image Quality Score

61.2 ± 4.9 (45.9–71.3)

59.9 ± 6.3 (44.3–71.5)

0.051

  1. Mean ± standard deviation (range). P values were derived from mixed-effects models accounting for correlation between fellow eyes in the same individuals for numerical variables and from the chi-squared test for categorical variables. Asterisks indicate p values < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction.
  2. logMAR logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution, MD mean deviation, cpRNFL circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, GCIPL ganglion cell inner plexiform layer, GCC ganglion cell complex.
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