Fig. 4

Redundancy Analysis (RDA) on the functional traits of dominant tree species and environmental factors. ELE, elevation; SLO, slope; ASP, transformed aspect; RER, Rock exposure rate; SWC, soil water content; AAC, altitude above channel; CON, convexity; GR, growth rate; MFVD, membership function value for drought resistance. X1, X2, X3 and X4 represent the first four principal components of leaf anatomical traits. Blue, black and red dots indicate species living in a depression, on a middle slope, and at a hilltop respectively.