Table 2 Principal component analysis (PCA) based on leaf anatomical traits.

Principal component	Loadings of each indicator											Eigenvalue	Contribution rate (%)	Cumulative contribution rate(%)
Principal component	LT	CT	UE	LE	PT	ST	P/S	CTR	SR	SA	SD	Eigenvalue	Contribution rate (%)	Cumulative contribution rate(%)
X1	0.432	0.166	− 0.142	− 0.201	− 0.318	0.875	− 0.923	− 0.907	0.972	0.137	− 0.047	3.782	34.384	34.384
X2	0.773	0.759	0.663	0.492	0.830	0.344	0.002	0.217	− 0.112	− 0.049	− 0.214	2.770	25.186	59.570
X3	0.212	0.112	− 0.288	− 0.368	0.275	0.157	0.123	0.244	− 0.018	0.843	0.812	1.821	16.550	76.120
X4	− 0.361	0.394	0.136	0.663	− 0.295	− 0.246	− 0.229	− 0.162	− 0.028	0.335	0.272	1.157	10.516	86.637

Significant values are in [bold].
LT, leaf thickness (µm); CT, cuticle thickness (µm); UE, upper epidermis thickness (µm); LE, lower epidermis thickness (µm); PT, palisade mesophyll thickness (µm); ST, spongy mesophyll thickness (µm); P/S, leaf palisade to spongy mesophyll thickness ratio; CTR, cell tense ratio; SR, spongy ratio; SA, stomatal aperture; SD, stomatal density (NO.·mm²).

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