Table 5 Performance comparison of each experience levels based on precision, sensitivity, F1 score, and accuracy, evaluated using the 28-question spot-diagnosis quiz for classifying CVI & DVT, lymphedema, normal, and systemic disease conditions.

From: Deep learning-based classification of lymphedema and other lower limb edema diseases using clinical images

Experience level

Lymphedema

CVI & DVT

Systemic Disease

Normal

All class

Precision

Sensitivity

F1

Precision

Sensitivity

F1

Precision

Sensitivity

F1

Precision

Sensitivity

F1

Precision

Sensitivity

F1

Accuracy

Medical student

0.745

0.483

0.586

0.545

0.688

0.608

0.623

0.447

0.521

0.461

0.576

0.512

0.601

0.554

0.576

0.554

Residents

0.700

0.636

0.667

0.602

0.696

0.646

0.610

0.348

0.443

0.534

0.681

0.599

0.617

0.601

0.609

0.601

Fellows and staffs

0.732

0.625

0.674

0.633

0.699

0.664

0.628

0.379

0.473

0.522

0.712

0.603

0.636

0.612

0.624

0.612

0-5 cases

0.657

0.494

0.564

0.511

0.688

0.586

0.582

0.358

0.444

0.446

0.683

0.540

0.554

0.561

0.557

0.561

6-10 cases

0.726

0.572

0.640

0.583

0.711

0.641

0.544

0.421

0.475

0.458

0.518

0.486

0.589

0.568

0.578

0.568

11-20 cases

0.700

0.600

0.646

0.587

0.675

0.628

0.717

0.450

0.553

0.589

0.733

0.653

0.648

0.618

0.632

0.618

More than 20 cases

0.741

0.681

0.710

0.642

0.694

0.667

0.626

0.361

0.458

0.528

0.731

0.613

0.643

0.627

0.635

0.627