Table 1 Distribution of malignant and benign lesions according to clinical factors; patient characteristics and sonographic parameters.

From: Impact of clinical factors on the diagnostic performance of diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging for breast cancer

 

Malignant (N = 37)

Benign (N = 25)

Total (N = 62)

p-value*

Age, n (%)

 < 50 years

13(35.14)

17(68.00)

30(48.39)

0.011c

 ≥ 50 years

24(64.86)

8(32.00)

32(51.61)

 

BMI, n (%)

 Underweight or normal

20(54.05)

10(40.00)

30(48.39)

0.277c

 Overweight or obese

17(45.95)

15(60.00)

32(51.61)

 

Bra cup size, n (%)

 A

18(48.65)

12(48.00)

30(48.39)

0.960c

 B–E

19(51.35)

13(52.00)

32(51.61)

 

Menstrual state, n (%)

 Pre

13(35.14)

19(76.00)

32(51.61)

0.002c

 Peri or Post

24(64.86)

6(24.00)

30(48.39)

 

Breast parenchyma pattern, n (%)

 A

0(0.00)

0(0.00)

0(0.00)

0.003f.

 B

5(13.51)

2(10.53)

7(12.50)

 

 C

31(83.78)

10(52.63)

41(73.21)

 

 D

1(2.70)

7(36.84)

8(14.29)

 

 Missing

0

6

6

 

Tumor size, n (%)

 ≤ 2 cm

18(48.65)

19(76.00)

37(59.68)

0.031c

 > 2 cm

19(51.35)

6(24.00)

25(40.32)

 

Distance from skin, n (%)

 ≤ 6 mm

24(64.86)

11(44.00)

35(56.45)

0.104c

 > 6 mm

13(35.14)

14(56.00)

27(43.55)

 

Breast thickness, n (%)

 ≤ 2 cm

20(54.05)

16(64.00)

36(58.06)

0.436c

 > 2 cm

17(45.95)

9(36.00)

26(41.94)

 

Distance from the nipple, n (%)

 ≤ 3 cm

14(37.84)

16(64.00)

30(48.39)

0.043c

 > 3 cm

23(62.16)

9(36.00)

32(51.61)

 

Vascularity, n (%)

 Present

16(50.00)

2(9.09)

18(33.33)

0.002c

 Absent

16(50.00)

20(90.91)

36(66.67)

 

 Missing

5

3

8

 

BI-RADS category, n (%)

 3

0(0.00)

8(32.00)

8(12.90)

 < 0.001f.

 4A

15(40.54)

17(68.00)

32(51.61)

 

 4B

5(13.51)

0(0.00)

5(8.06)

 

 4C

7(18.92)

0(0.00)

7(11.29)

 

 5

10(27.03)

0(0.00)

10(16.13)

 

Tumor pathology, n (%)

 Malignant

37(100.00)

0(0.00)

37(59.68)

 

 DCIS

3(8.11)

0(0.00)

3(4.84)

 

 IDC

19(51.35)

0(0.00)

19(30.65)

 

 ILC or other malignant

15(40.54)

0(0.00)

15(24.19)

 

 Benign

0(0.00)

25(100.00)

25(40.32)

 
  1. *p-values compare differences between groups using the Chi-square test (c) or Fisher’s exact test (f) for categorical factors.