Table 2 Age-specific BMI classification among children from the National Health Insurance Service database (2008–2020).

From: Early life factors of precocious puberty based on Korean nationwide data

Variables, mean (SD)

Boys

Girls

Control group

CPP group

P-value

Control group

CPP group

P-value

3rd

18–24 months

Underweight

8693 (3.10)

49 (2.32)

0.0438

7156 (2.13)

606 (1.86)

0.0002

Normal weight

206,588 (73.65)

1532 (72.47)

 

263,388 (78.28)

25,380 (77.80)

 

Overweight

40,287 (14.36)

326 (15.42)

 

41,318 (12.28)

4162 (12.76)

 

Obese

24,924 (8.89)

207 (9.79)

 

24,587 (7.31)

2474 (7.58)

 

4th

30–36 months

Underweight

9808 (3.53)

60 (2.91)

0.0003

13,903 (4.11)

1114 (3.42)

 < 0.0001

Normal weight

202,170 (72.81)

1436 (69.57)

 

246,767 (73.00)

23,484 (72.02)

 

Overweight

31,028 (11.17)

278 (13.47)

 

36,630 (10.84)

3855 (11.82)

 

Obese

34,672 (12.49)

290 (14.05)

 

40,728 (12.05)

4155 (12.74)

 

5th

42–48 months

Underweight

8696 (3.30)

43 (2.16)

 < 0.0001

10,802 (3.38)

787 (2.53)

 < 0.0001

Normal weight

211,021 (79.98)

1527 (76.85)

 

251,702 (78.72)

23,975 (77.16)

 

Overweight

23,898 (9.06)

220 (11.07)

 

33,553 (10.49)

3725 (11.99)

 

Obese

20,224 (7.67)

197 (9.91)

 

23,701 (7.41)

2584 (8.32)

 

6th

54–60 months

Underweight

11,112 (4.54)

62 (3.33)

 < 0.0001

10,936 (3.72)

760 (2.66)

 < 0.0001

Normal weight

197,904 (80.79)

1430 (76.80)

 

237,868 (80.85)

22,639 (79.27)

 

Overweight

19,250 (7.86)

193 (10.37)

 

26,843 (9.12)

3056 (10.70)

 

Obese

16,682 (6.81)

177 (9.51)

 

18,565 (6.31)

21,04 (7.37)

 

7th

66–71 months

Underweight

10,103 (4.59)

36 (2.23)

 < 0.0001

13,392 (5.08)

773 (3.04)

 < 0.0001

Normal weight

172,153 (78.20)

1190 (73.78)

 

208,860 (79.19)

19,680 (77.51)

 

Overweight

18,290 (8.31)

168 (10.42)

 

21,740 (8.24)

2718 (10.70)

 

Obese

19,605 (8.9)

219 (13.58)

 

19,749 (7.49)

2220 (8.74)

 
  1. BMI body mass index, CPP central precocious puberty. Classification of BMI: Underweight: < 5th percentile; normal weight: 5th–85th percentile; overweight: 85th–95th percentile; obese: ≥ 95th percentile for each age group.