Table 1 Pre-operative demographic and clinical characteristics of patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair with and without major adverse cardiovascular events at 30 days.
From: Predicting outcomes following open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair using machine learning
Absence of MACE at 30 days (n = 3,309) | Presence of MACE at 30 days (n = 311) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Age, years, mean (SD) | 70.2 (7.6) | 72.7 (6.8) | < 0.001 |
Female | 842 (25.4) | 87 (28.0) | 0.36 |
BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27.8 (5.4) | 27.3 (5.6) | 0.13 |
Race | |||
White | 2,074 (62.7) | 187 (60.1) | 0.82 |
Black or African American | 112 (3.4) | 8 (2.6) | |
American Indian or Alaskan Native | 9 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | |
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 4 (0.1) | 0 | |
Asian | 53 (1.6) | 7 (2.3) | |
Other | 2 (0.06) | 0 | |
Unknown or not reported | 1,055 (31.9) | 103 (34.7) | |
Hispanic ethnicity | 65 (2.0) | 8 (2.6) | 0.60 |
Origin status | |||
Transferred from another hospital | 176 (5.3) | 29 (9.3) | < 0.001 |
Home | 3,116 (94.2) | 277 (89.1) | |
Nursing home | 12 (0.4) | 5 (1.6) | |
Other facility | 3 (0.09) | 0 | |
Unknown | 2 (0.06) | 0 | |
Comorbidities | |||
Hypertension | 2,551 (77.1) | 259 (83.3) | 0.02 |
Diabetes | |||
Non-insulin dependent | 355 (10.7) | 29 (9.3) | 0.49 |
Insulin dependent | 63 (1.9) | 12 (3.9) | 0.02 |
Current smoker | 1,476 (44.6) | 174 (55.9) | < 0.001 |
Congestive heart failure | 42 (1.3) | 10 (3.2) | 0.01 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 574 (17.3) | 85 (27.3) | < 0.001 |
Dialysis | 15 (0.5) | 3 (1.0) | 0.42 |
Functional status | |||
Independent | 3,262 (98.6) | 303 (97.4) | 0.26 |
Partially dependent | 42 (1.3) | 8 (2.6) | |
Totally dependent | 4 (0.1) | 0 | |
Unknown | 1 (0.03) | 0 | |
ASA class | |||
1 | 4 (0.1) | 0 | < 0.001 |
2 | 151 (4.6) | 5 (1.6) | |
3 | 1,775 (53.6) | 139 (44.7) | |
4 | 1,361 (41.1) | 163 (52.4) | |
5 | 12 (0.4) | 4 (1.3) | |
Unknown | 6 (0.2) | 0 | |
Previous procedures | |||
Open AAA repair | 16 (0.5) | 4 (1.3) | 0.15 |
Endovascular AAA repair | 282 (8.5) | 48 (15.4) | < 0.001 |
Open abdominal surgery | 866 (26.2) | 80 (25.7) | 0.92 |
Laboratory investigations | |||
Sodium, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 139.0 (3.0) | 139.0 (3.2) | 0.92 |
BUN, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 51.0 (21.7) | 57.1 (26.6) | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, umol/L, mean (SD) | 96.4 (47.7) | 107.9 (41.7) | < 0.001 |
Albumin, g/L, mean (SD) | 34.9 (4.9) | 34.7 (5.2) | 0.56 |
White blood cell count, cells/mm3, mean (SD) | 7.7 (2.3) | 7.9 (2.8) | 0.39 |
Hematocrit, L/L (%), mean (SD) | 40.9 (5.1) | 39.3 (5.4) | < 0.001 |
Platelet count, 109/L, mean (SD) | 217.0 (66.3) | 210.0 (85.8) | 0.10 |
INR, mean (SD) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 0.38 |
PTT, sec, mean (SD) | 30.0 (5.6) | 30.1 (5.1) | 0.56 |
Anatomic characteristics | |||
AAA diameter, cm, mean (SD) | 6.2 (1.5) | 6.4 (1.5) | 0.02 |
Surgical approach | |||
Transperitoneal | 2,608 (72.8) | 238 (76.5) | 0.32 |
Retroperitoneal | 851 (25.7) | 70 (22.5) | |
Not documented | 50 (1.5) | 3 (1.0) | |
Proximal AAA extent | |||
Suprarenal | 192 (5.8) | 30 (9.7) | 0.005 |
Pararenal | 161 (4.9) | 21 (6.8) | |
Juxtarenal | 951 (28.7) | 100 (32.2) | |
Infrarenal | 1,817 (54.9) | 141 (45.3) | |
Not documented | 188 (5.7) | 19 (6.1) | |
Distal AAA extent | |||
Aorta | 1,402 (42.4) | 137 (44.1) | 0.59 |
Common iliac artery | 1,214 (36.7) | 111 (35.7) | |
Internal iliac artery | 103 (3.1) | 5 (1.6) | |
External iliac artery | 134 (4.1) | 15 (4.8) | |
Not documented | 456 (13.8) | 43 (13.8) | |
Concomitant procedures | |||
Renal revascularization | 324 (9.8) | 43 (13.8) | 0.03 |
Visceral revascularization | 76 (2.3) | 15 (4.8) | 0.01 |
Lower extremity revascularization | 233 (7.0) | 45 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
