Table 1 indicates the standard value of all the alloys used in this study28,29,30,31.
Classify of Alloys | Metal name | CL [ASTM] | ρ (kg/m3) [ASTM] | Z (Kg/m2 s) *106 | PTC | YSASTM MPa | YScalc MPa | APPYS.% | USASTM MPa | UScal MPa | APPUT.% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austenitic stainless steels (annealed) \({R}_{YS}^{2}=0.997{R}_{US}^{2}=0.9945\) | Stainless 308 | 5250 | 8000 | 42.00 | 0.741 | 170 | 179.1 | 94.7 | 515 | 459.5 | 89.2 |
Stainless 302 | 5639 | 8000 | 45.11 | 0.701 | 205 | 213.0 | 96.1 | 515 | 542.5 | 94.7 | |
Stainless 330 | 5660 | 8000 | 45.28 | 0.699 | 260 | 215.9 | 83.0 | 515 | 546.1 | 94.0 | |
Stainless 303 | 5710 | 8000 | 45.68 | 0.694 | 215 | 223.6 | 96.0 | 550 | 555.6 | 99.0 | |
Stainless 316 | 5740 | 8000 | 45.92 | 0.691 | 225 | 228.7 | 98.3 | 575 | 562.0 | 97.7 | |
Stainless 304 | 5801 | 8000 | 46.41 | 0.685 | 270 | 240.3 | 89.0 | 600 | 576.8 | 96.1 | |
Steel A-235 | 5913 | 7850 | 46.42 | 0.685 | 275 | 240.5 | 87.5 | 620 | 577.1 | 93.1 | |
Stainless 20cb-3 | 6200 | 8080 | 50.1 | 0.645 | 366 | 372.3 | 98.3 | 790 | 774.0 | 98.0 | |
Stainless 205 | 6600 | 7800 | 51.4 | 0.61 | 450 | 435.7 | 96.8 | 790 | 879.0 | 88.7 | |
Stainless 201 | 7000 | 7800 | 54.6 | 0.601 | 520 | 585.5 | 87.4 | 1200 | 1135.5 | 94.6 | |
Stainless 310 | 7200 | 8000 | 57.6 | 0.575 | 810 | 721.5 | 89.1 | 1280 | 1364.8 | 93.4 | |
Martensitic, ferritic, and duplex stainless steel \({R}_{YS}^{2}=0.991\)\({R}_{US}^{2}=0.981\) ferritic stainless ferritic stainless | Stainless Steel 409 | 5820 | 7612 | 44.30 | 0.711 | 207 | 183.8 | 88.8 | 450 | 426.4 | 94.8 |
Stainless Steel 405 | 5690 | 7800 | 44.38 | 0.710 | 170 | 192.9 | 86.5 | 415 | 436.8 | 94.7 | |
Stainless Steel 436 | 5800 | 7800 | 45.24 | 0.699 | 365 | 337.3 | 92.4 | 530 | 586.3 | 89.4 | |
Stainless 44LN | 5900 | 7800 | 46.02 | 0.690 | 450 | 537.9 | 80.5 | 690 | 779.3 | 87.1 | |
Stainless 410 Cb | 6010 | 7800 | 46.88 | 0.680 | 800 | 828.5 | 96.4 | 1000 | 1049.0 | 95.1 | |
Stainless Steel 450 | 6050 | 7800 | 47.19 | 0.676 | 1000 | 951.1 | 95.1 | 1300 | 1160.9 | 89.3 | |
Stainless 440 A | 6200 | 7800 | 48.36 | 0.663 | 1500 | 1484.6 | 99.0 | 1790 | 1641.4 | 91.7 | |
Stainless 440 C | 6250 | 7800 | 48.75 | 0.659 | 1700 | 1686.6 | 99.2 | 1900 | 1821.4 | 95.9 | |
Plain carbon steels and low-alloy steels \({R}_{YS}^{2}=0.9927{R}_{US}^{2}=0.965\) | H | 5046 | 7500 | 37.84 | 0.803 | 285 | 284.4 | 99.1 | 340 | 385.4 | 86.6 |
F | 5000 | 7750 | 38.75 | 0.788 | 315 | 292.9 | 93 | 525 | 505.6 | 96.3 | |
D | 5789 | 7750 | 44.86 | 0.704 | 410 | 384.5 | 93.8 | 611 | 556.5 | 91.1 | |
Steel 4340 | 5850 | 7800 | 45.63 | 0.695 | 470 | 415.1 | 88.3 | 745 | 651.5 | 87.5 | |
Steel 1020 | 5892 | 7750 | 45.66 | 0.694 | 355 | 417.8 | 82.3 | 690 | 656.9 | 95.2 | |
G | 5955 | 7750 | 46.15 | 0.689 | 434 | 475.6 | 90.4 | 703 | 752.3 | 93 | |
Steel Carbon | 5931 | 7850 | 46.56 | 0.684 | 490 | 551.9 | 87.4 | 750 | 854.3 | 86.1 | |
Steel 5120 | 6100 | 7750 | 47.28 | 0.675 | 786 | 761.8 | 96.9 | 986 | 1089.8 | 89.5 | |
Steel 8630 | 6150 | 7750 | 47.6 | 0.671 | 979 | 922.2 | 94.2 | 1117 | 1249.6 | 88.1 | |
Steel 9261 | 6250 | 7750 | 48.44 | 0.663 | 1558 | 1359.1 | 87.2 | 1800 | 1644.3 | 91.4 | |
Nickel Alloys \({R}_{YS}^{2}=0.99\) 4 \({R}_{US}^{2}=0.993\) | Alloy 904L | 4000 | 8000 | 32 | 0.908 | 220 | 227.93 | 96.4 | 490 | 469.15 | 95.7 |
Nickel Silver | 4620 | 8820 | 40.75 | 0.759 | 250 | 268.53 | 92.6 | 470 | 460.48 | 98.0 | |
Nickel Silver 10% | 4670 | 8600 | 40.94 | 0.756 | 270 | 269.8 | 99.9 | 500 | 462.6 | 92.5 | |
Incoloy 825 | 5820 | 8140 | 47.37 | 0.674 | 310 | 365.61 | 82.1 | 690 | 642.70 | 93.1 | |
Monel | 5400 | 8830 | 47.68 | 0.671 | 345 | 373.53 | 91.7 | 620 | 657.03 | 94.0 | |
E | 5657 | 8530 | 48.2 | 0.665 | 345 | 389 | 87.2 | 621 | 685 | 89.7 | |
D | 5789 | 8450 | 48.92 | 0.657 | 415 | 409 | 98 | 750 | 720 | 96 | |
Incoloy 925 | 6950 | 8080 | 56.156 | 0.588 | 815 | 746.07 | 91.5 | 1172 | 1269.8 | 91.6 | |
Other materials \({R}_{YS}^{2}=0.928{R}_{US}^{2}=0.969\) | A | 6000 | 2800 | 16.8 | 1.368 | 415 | 424.8 | 97.5 | 487 | 480 | 98.2 |
Aluminum 2024 | 6405 | 2770 | 17.74 | 1.327 | 415 | 426.9 | 97.1 | 469 | 464.9 | 99.1 | |
Aluminum 2024 | 6405 | 2780 | 17.81 | 1.325 | 415 | 427.0 | 97.1 | 495 | 463.8 | 93.2 | |
ZircaloY-2 | 4719 | 6560 | 30.96 | 0.930 | 420 | 450.6 | 92.7 | 520 | 478.1 | 91.2 | |
Bronze, Phosphor | 3500 | 8860 | 31.01 | 0.929 | 425 | 450.8 | 93.9 | 550 | 478.9 | 85.14 | |
B | 4096 | 7370 | 30.19 | 0.946 | 434 | 448.4 | 96.7 | 487 | 466.7 | 95.6 | |
C | 4375 | 8400 | 36.75 | 0.82 | 455 | 469.5 | 96.7 | 607 | 569 | 93.4 | |
Silver Nickel | 4620 | 8730 | 40.33 | 0.765 | 410 | 482.9 | 82.2 | 500 | 623.0 | 80.255 | |
TiC | 8270 | 4938 | 40.84 | 0.757 | 415 | 484.8 | 83.2 | 450 | 629.9 | 71.45 | |
Duplex 2205 | 5600 | 7800 | 43.68 | 0.719 | 500 | 495.4 | 99.1 | 700 | 666.2 | 94.9 | |
CU/NI 80/20 | 4928 | 8940 | 44.06 | 0.714 | 450 | 496.7 | 89.6 | 650 | 670.6 | 6.8 | |
W-3.5 Ni-Fe | 5040 | 17,494 | 88.17 | 0.400 | 621 | 622.5 | 99.8 | 827 | 826.6 | 99.9 |
