Correction to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87607-2, published online 06 June 2025

The original version of this Article contained errors in Fig. 1 where the reference numbers were incorrect. The original Fig. 1 and accompanying legend appear below.

Fig. 1
figure 1

Different Categories of Meta-Heuristic Optimization Algorithms.

The original Article has been corrected.