Table 4 Elaborates the comparative sectoral decomposition analysis of industrial combustion. Using year 2000 as the base year (2000 = 1), the year 2023 data reveal significant variation in performance of major GHG emitting countries. India, China, Iran and Indonesia exhibit the most deteriorating in intensity index, with increase of 67%, 64.6%, 54.2% and 25.8%, respectively. In contrast, Japan and USA show substantial improvements, with reduction of 66.4% and 59.3% in intensity. Iran stands out as the only country with a Sharp decline in efficiency, marked by a 53.7% drop, whereas USA and China recorded notable efficiency gains of 49.1% and 49.9%, respectively. On an annual average basis, China, India, Iran, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia demonstrate worsening trends in intensity, while the USA and Canada report improvements of 39.7% and 38.1%, respectively. In term of GHG emission outcomes, abatements were most evident in the USA (1.17 MtCO₂), Canada (1.11 MtCO₂) and Japan (1.03 MtCO₂) while China (1.39 MtCO₂) and India (0.714 MtCO₂) contributed to environment degradation.

From: Exploring sectoral energy structures for decarbonization: an analysis of leading global emitting countries