Abstract
An actinomycete strain, PTD5-9T, was isolated from peat swamp forest soil in Narathiwat Province, Thailand. Chemotaxonomic features and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed this strain within the genus Streptomyces. It exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces gelaticus NRRL B-2928ᵀ (99.38%) and Streptomyces sanglieri NBRC 100784ᵀ (99.31%). However, the average nucleotide identity based on MUMmer (ANIm) values (88.48–88.56%), the average amino acid identity (84.37–84.97%), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) estimates (31.2–36.5%) were significantly below the accepted thresholds for species demarcation, supporting its classification as a new species within the genus. Accordingly, the name Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov. is proposed. The crude extract derived from the culture broth of strain PTD5-9ᵀ exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC ≤ 250 µg/mL). Subsequent chemical analysis led to the identification of ten bioactive secondary metabolites: isocycloheximide (1), (2R,4S,6E)-anhydrocycloheximide (2), actiphenol (3), (−)-phenatic acid A (4), 8-O-methyltetrangomycin (5), 8-O-methylrabelomycin (6), 4-hydroxy-8-O-methylrabelomycin (7), tetrangulol methyl ether (also known as X-14881 E) (8), (−)-elmonin (9), and 2-phenylacetamide (10). Among these, compounds 3, 6, 7, and 8, which were isolated in sufficient quantities, exhibited notable inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with MIC values ranging from 3.13 to 25.0 µg/mL. Furthermore, compounds 6, 7, and 8 demonstrated pronounced cytotoxicity against human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) cells (IC₅₀: 1.10–7.80 µM), and against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells (IC₅₀: 1.21–24.6 µM).
Data availability
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available on the NCBI website and with the following accession codes at the NCBI database: PTD5-9: MN116529 and JBAGJZ000000000.
Abbreviations
- ANI:
-
average nucleotide identity
- dDDH:
-
digital DNA-DNA hybridization
- DAP:
-
Diaminopimelic acid
- EtOAc:
-
Ethyl acetate
- FT-IR:
-
Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy
- GC:
-
Gas chromatography
- ISP:
-
International Streptomyces project
- GFPMA:
-
Green fluorescent protein microplate assay
- MeOH:
-
Methanol
- MS:
-
Mass spectrometry
- REMA:
-
Resazurin-based microplate assay
- NMR:
-
Nuclear magnetic resonance
- TBRC:
-
Thailand bioresource research center
- NBRC:
-
NITE biological resource center
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Acknowledgements
We thank Ms. Achararak Nammali, Ms. Sasitorn Pumpeth, Ms. Supitcha Mathai and Mr.Sulaiman Binmama for providing the samples and isolation the strain and also thank the Actinobacterial Research Unit (ARU), School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, for laboratory support. The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. (Emeritus) Aharon Oren (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel) for his valuable help on nomenclature aspects.
Funding
This research is a result of the project entitled “Development of plant growth promoting product from the novel actinomycete” “Grant No.RE-KRIS/ FF67/001” by King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), which has been received funding support from the NSRF.
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P. K., K. K., P. F., P. P., C. I., N. B., C. S., M. Y., S. T.: Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft. Y-W. H. and S. T. : Writing – review & editing. C. T. : Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing.
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Kottip, P., Klanbut, K., Fukasem, P. et al. Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Thai peat swamp forest soil and its promising secondary metabolites. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41121-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41121-1