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Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Thai peat swamp forest soil and its promising secondary metabolites
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  • Published: 24 February 2026

Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Thai peat swamp forest soil and its promising secondary metabolites

  • Penkawee Kottip1,
  • Khanungkan Klanbut1,2,
  • Poowadon Fukasem2,
  • Pattama Pittayakhajonwut3,
  • Chakapong Intaraudom3,
  • Nantiya Bunbamrung3,
  • Chanwit Suriyachadkun4,
  • Montri Yasawong5,
  • Ya-Wen He6,
  • Somboon Tanasupawat7,
  • Sarin Tadtong8 &
  • …
  • Chitti Thawai1,2 

Scientific Reports , Article number:  (2026) Cite this article

  • 74 Accesses

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We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.

Subjects

  • Biotechnology
  • Drug discovery
  • Microbiology

Abstract

An actinomycete strain, PTD5-9T, was isolated from peat swamp forest soil in Narathiwat Province, Thailand. Chemotaxonomic features and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed this strain within the genus Streptomyces. It exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces gelaticus NRRL B-2928ᵀ (99.38%) and Streptomyces sanglieri NBRC 100784ᵀ (99.31%). However, the average nucleotide identity based on MUMmer (ANIm) values (88.48–88.56%), the average amino acid identity (84.37–84.97%), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) estimates (31.2–36.5%) were significantly below the accepted thresholds for species demarcation, supporting its classification as a new species within the genus. Accordingly, the name Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov. is proposed. The crude extract derived from the culture broth of strain PTD5-9ᵀ exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC ≤ 250 µg/mL). Subsequent chemical analysis led to the identification of ten bioactive secondary metabolites: isocycloheximide (1), (2R,4S,6E)-anhydrocycloheximide (2), actiphenol (3), (−)-phenatic acid A (4), 8-O-methyltetrangomycin (5), 8-O-methylrabelomycin (6), 4-hydroxy-8-O-methylrabelomycin (7), tetrangulol methyl ether (also known as X-14881 E) (8), (−)-elmonin (9), and 2-phenylacetamide (10). Among these, compounds 3, 6, 7, and 8, which were isolated in sufficient quantities, exhibited notable inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with MIC values ranging from 3.13 to 25.0 µg/mL. Furthermore, compounds 6, 7, and 8 demonstrated pronounced cytotoxicity against human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) cells (IC₅₀: 1.10–7.80 µM), and against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells (IC₅₀: 1.21–24.6 µM).

Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available on the NCBI website and with the following accession codes at the NCBI database: PTD5-9: MN116529 and JBAGJZ000000000.

Abbreviations

ANI:

average nucleotide identity

dDDH:

digital DNA-DNA hybridization

DAP:

Diaminopimelic acid

EtOAc:

Ethyl acetate

FT-IR:

Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy

GC:

Gas chromatography

ISP:

International  Streptomyces project

GFPMA:

Green fluorescent protein microplate assay

MeOH:

Methanol

MS:

Mass spectrometry

REMA:

Resazurin-based microplate assay

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

TBRC:

Thailand bioresource research center

NBRC:

NITE biological resource center

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Acknowledgements

We thank Ms. Achararak Nammali, Ms. Sasitorn Pumpeth, Ms. Supitcha Mathai and Mr.Sulaiman Binmama for providing the samples and isolation the strain and also thank the Actinobacterial Research Unit (ARU), School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, for laboratory support. The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. (Emeritus) Aharon Oren (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel) for his valuable help on nomenclature aspects.

Funding

This research is a result of the project entitled “Development of plant growth promoting product from the novel actinomycete” “Grant No.RE-KRIS/ FF67/001” by King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), which has been received funding support from the NSRF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand

    Penkawee Kottip, Khanungkan Klanbut & Chitti Thawai

  2. Actinobacterial Research Unit, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand

    Khanungkan Klanbut, Poowadon Fukasem & Chitti Thawai

  3. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Pattama Pittayakhajonwut, Chakapong Intaraudom & Nantiya Bunbamrung

  4. Thailand Bioresource Research Center (TBRC), National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Chanwit Suriyachadkun

  5. Program on Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand

    Montri Yasawong

  6. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P R China

    Ya-Wen He

  7. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Somboon Tanasupawat

  8. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon nayok, 26120, Thailand

    Sarin Tadtong

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  1. Penkawee Kottip
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  2. Khanungkan Klanbut
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Contributions

P. K., K. K., P. F., P. P., C. I., N. B., C. S., M. Y., S. T.: Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft. Y-W. H. and S. T. : Writing – review & editing. C. T. : Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing.

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Correspondence to Chitti Thawai.

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Kottip, P., Klanbut, K., Fukasem, P. et al. Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Thai peat swamp forest soil and its promising secondary metabolites. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41121-1

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  • Received: 06 October 2025

  • Accepted: 18 February 2026

  • Published: 24 February 2026

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41121-1

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Keywords

  • Streptomyces
  • Polyphasic taxonomy
  • Whole-genome sequence analysis
  • Peat swamp soil
  • Angucyclinone
  • Glutarimide antibiotics
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