Table 1 Main carbon sources and emission coefficients in crop production.

From: Transitioning to low-carbon agriculture: the non-linear role of digital inclusive finance in China’s agricultural carbon emissions

Carbon source

Emission coefficient

Reference source

Diesel

0.59 kg/kg

IPCC (Stocker et al., 2013)

Fertilizer

0.89 kg/kg

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA

Pesticides

4.93 kg/kg

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA

Agricultural films

5.18 kg/kg

Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environmental, Nanjing Agricultural University

Irrigation

266.48 kg/hm²

College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University (Duan et al. (2011))

Tillage

312.60 k/km²

College of Biology and Technology, China Agricultural University (Zhi Jing et al., 2009)

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