Table 5 Structural model evaluation results.
Direct effects | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypotheses | Relationship | β | T | P | Decision |
H1a | II → DD (+) | 0.130 | 2.167 | 0.030 | Supported |
H1b | II → LSE (+) | 0.134 | 2.095 | 0.036 | Supported |
H1c | II → UR (+) | 0.069 | 1.237 | 0.216 | Not supported |
H2a | SI → DD (+) | 0.229 | 3.951 | 0.000 | Supported |
H2b | SI → LSE (+) | 0.186 | 3.105 | 0.002 | Supported |
H2c | SI → UR (+) | 0.048 | 0.764 | 0.445 | Not supported |
H3a | PR → DD (+) | 0.384 | 6.816 | 0.000 | Supported |
H3b | PR → LSE (+) | 0.310 | 4.933 | 0.000 | Supported |
H3c | PR → UR (+) | 0.145 | 2.386 | 0.017 | Supported |
H4 | DD → UR (+) | 0.268 | 4.498 | 0.000 | Supported |
H5 | LSE → UR (+) | 0.097 | 1.845 | 0.065 | Not supported |
Moderating effects | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypotheses | Relationship | Path coefficient | T | P | Decision |
H6 | AR × DD → UR (−) | −0.250 | 4.471 | 0.000 | Supported |
H7 | AR × LSE → UR (−) | −0.023 | 0.397 | 0.691 | Not supported |