Table 10 DPTM estimated result with ETR as threshold variables.
Threshold | ETR | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | EF | CE | ETR | |||
Model | Model T4 | Model T5 | Model T6 | |||
Result | Lower estimation | Threshold effect | Lower estimation | Threshold effect | Lower estimation | Threshold effect |
L.y | −0.0137 | 0.1646 | 0.0805 | 0.0688 | 0.8137*** | −0.5781*** |
(0.1041) | (0.1015) | (0.0526) | (0.0576) | (0.0038) | (0.0670) | |
lnAI | 0.0216*** | −0.0319*** | 0.0008** | 0.0005 | 0.0137*** | −0.0190*** |
(0.0053) | (0.0066) | (0.0004) | (0.0006) | (0.0014) | (0.0015) | |
lntnrr | 0.0229** | 0.0431*** | 0.0163*** | −0.0167*** | −0.0060 | −0.0003 |
(0.0109) | (0.0146) | (0.0040) | (0.0039) | (0.0097) | (0.0118) | |
lnurb | 1.4952* | −2.3582** | 0.6340** | 0.5643*** | 1.4503*** | −2.4406*** |
(0.8947) | (1.0396) | (0.3106) | (0.2016) | (0.2607) | (0.1913) | |
lngov | 0.2388 | −0.6465*** | 0.0603 | −0.2893*** | 0.0116 | 0.1001 |
(0.2063) | (0.2221) | (0.0449) | (0.0514) | (0.0446) | (0.0778) | |
lnpgdp | −0.1012 | 0.3697*** | 0.1279** | −0.1309** | −0.1823*** | 0.5320*** |
(0.1221) | (0.1319) | (0.0627) | (0.0588) | (0.0552) | (0.0608) | |
lnfes | 0.3115 | −0.6350 | 1.2938*** | −0.6434*** | −1.0482*** | 0.3563 |
(0.6034) | (0.5285) | (0.1749) | (0.1546) | (0.2717) | (0.2921) | |
lnpeu | 0.3691*** | 0.3918*** | 0.6104*** | −0.0214 | −0.4455*** | 0.2461*** |
(0.1049) | (0.0761) | (0.0423) | (0.0199) | (0.0570) | (0.0594) | |
cons | 9.1659** | 2.4083*** | 3.8477** | |||
(4.3047) | (0.8464) | (1.5446) | ||||
