Table 7 DPTM estimated result with IND as threshold variables.
Threshold | IND | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | EF | CE | ETR | |||
Model | Model T1 | Model T2 | Model T3 | |||
Result | Lower estimation | Threshold effect | Lower estimation | Threshold effect | Lower estimation | Threshold effect |
L.y | 0.0980*** | 0.0244 | −0.1264*** | 0.2158*** | 0.7688*** | −0.0085 |
(0.0319) | (0.0301) | (0.0348) | (0.0404) | (0.0077) | (0.0130) | |
lnAI | −0.0090*** | 0.0089*** | −0.0065*** | 0.0089*** | −0.0209*** | 0.0263*** |
(0.0010) | (0.0008) | (0.0016) | (0.0018) | (0.0021) | (0.0035) | |
lntnrr | 0.0344** | −0.0016 | −0.0169*** | 0.0236*** | −0.0754*** | 0.1391*** |
(0.0143) | (0.0158) | (0.0045) | (0.0059) | (0.0111) | (0.0179) | |
lnurb | 1.9053*** | −0.5999* | −1.1437*** | 1.0591*** | 2.2113*** | −2.0444*** |
(0.6121) | (0.3169) | (0.2783) | (0.1560) | (0.8521) | (0.3922) | |
lngov | −1.6435*** | 1.3941*** | −0.8586*** | 0.9296*** | −0.5939*** | 0.9052*** |
(0.1676) | (0.1305) | (0.1225) | (0.1202) | (0.1002) | (0.1281) | |
lnpgdp | −0.1922** | 0.2241*** | 0.3667*** | −0.1099*** | −0.2384* | −0.0356 |
(0.0800) | (0.0604) | (0.0382) | (0.0372) | (0.1318) | (0.0972) | |
lines | 0.3005*** | −0.1070* | 1.1121*** | 0.2448*** | 0.2773 | −0.4688*** |
(0.1085) | (0.0600) | (0.1078) | (0.0453) | (0.2740) | (0.1696) | |
lnpeu | 0.3612*** | −0.2019*** | 0.4122*** | 0.0554*** | −0.1183 | 0.1270** |
(0.0570) | (0.0251) | (0.0350) | (0.0115) | (0.0746) | (0.0525) | |
cons | −1.9008 | −7.9890*** | 7.3795*** | |||
(1.2270) | (0.8432) | (1.0979) | ||||
