Table 4 Mediation effect test.

From: Can carbon trading policy boost upgrading and optimization of industrial structure? An empirical study based on data from China

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

 

SA

SR

Patent

SA

SR

treat×post

0.185*** (7.79)

−0.006** (−2.28)

7.582*** (10.12)

0.088*** (3.98)

−0.006** (−2.29)

Patent

   

0.013*** (23.34)

0.000 (0.27)

Constant

−3.247*** (−10.55)

1.120*** (35.37)

72.663*** (7.47)

−4.176*** (−14.69)

1.119*** (34.98)

Control variables

Control

Control

Control

Control

Control

Individual fixed

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Time fixed

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N

3015

3015

3015

3015

3015

R2

0.696

0.201

0.268

0.746

0.201

  1. Note: In parentheses are the statistical values of t for each coefficient, and *, **, and *** represent the significance levels of 10%, 5%, and 1%, respectively.
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