Table 2 Baseline results.
Variable | Chain | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
Did | 0.0022** | 0.0021** | 0.0020** | 0.0105*** |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
Size | −0.0001 | −0.0004 | −0.0004 | 0.0074*** |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
Npg | −0.0000*** | −0.0000*** | −0.0000*** | −0.0000*** |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
Der | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | −0.0001 |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
Cap | 0.0002** | 0.0001** | 0.0001* | 0.0001* |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
Roe | 0.0095*** | 0.0091*** | 0.0091*** | 0.0010 |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
lnFl | 0.0012*** | 0.0014*** | 0.0014*** | 0.0003 |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
lnBoard | −0.0025 | −0.0003 | −0.0003 | −0.0174*** |
(0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.006) | |
Tobinq | 0.0004 | −0.0006* | −0.0006 | −0.0007* |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
Dual | −0.0002 | −0.0001 | −0.0002 | −0.0008 |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
lnPop | −0.0008 | 0.0021* | 0.0021 | 0.0060*** |
(0.002) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.002) | |
lnFiscal | −0.0021 | 0.0052* | 0.0053* | −0.0123*** |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
lnScien | 0.0000 | 0.0019 | 0.0019 | 0.0050*** |
(0.002) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.002) | |
Eco | 0.0000 | −0.0000 | −0.0000 | 0.0000 |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
lnFin | 0.0002 | −0.0077*** | −0.0077*** | 0.0117*** |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
_cons | 0.0548** | 0.0649*** | 0.0647*** | |
(0.023) | (0.021) | (0.022) | ||
Year fixed | Yes | No | No | No |
Company fixed | Yes | Yes | No | No |
City fixed | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Company-year fixed | No | No | Yes | Yes |
City-year fixed | No | Yes | No | Yes |
N | 10281 | 10281 | 10281 | 10281 |
Adj. R2 | 0.6412 | 0.6376 | 0.6381 | 0.9009 |