Fig. 1: Research framework. | Humanities and Social Sciences Communications

Fig. 1: Research framework.

From: Exploring the effect of transformation leadership on student generic skills: a moderated mediation model

Fig. 1

This figure outlines the research framework based on the Input-Environment-Output (IEO) model. It shows the hypothesized relationships among transformational leadership, self-efficacy, collaborative learning, and student generic skills, with the degree of internationalization as a moderating variable. Source: “What Works in College? Four Critical Years Revisited,” by A. W. Astin, 1993, p. 5.

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