Table 6 Conditional β-convergence test results across the country and four regions.
From: Spatiotemporal evolution and convergence patterns of urban carbon emission efficiency in China
Type | Nationwide | Eastern China | Central China | Western China | Northeastern China |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | SDM | SEM | SEM | SEM | SDM |
β | −0.580*** (0.017) | −0.490*** (0.026) | −0.575*** (0.035) | −0.745*** (0.035) | −0.383*** (0.047) |
Convergent Rate | 0.108 | 0.084 | 0.107 | 0.171 | 0.060 |
ρ\λ | 0.645*** (0.104) | 0.408*** (0.129) | 0.774*** (0.074) | 0.295* (0.171) | −0.525* (0.291) |
θ | 0.945*** (0.211) | — | — | — | 0.402 (0.361) |
FDI | −0.435*** (0.123) | 0.133 (0.200) | −0.526*** (0.201) | −0.303 (0.620) | −0.684*** (0.187) |
IS | −0.000 (0.000) | −0.048 (0.032) | 0.009 (0.024) | 0.091*** (0.031) | 0.000 (0.000) |
EL | 0.183*** (0.018) | 0.196*** (0.024) | 0.108*** (0.035) | 0.192*** (0.036) | 0.300*** (0.047) |
UR | −0.087** (0.043) | −0.067 (0.073) | −0.084 (0.078) | −0.075 (0.120) | 0.003 (0.069) |
GTI | 0.070** (0.029) | −0.032 (0.079) | 0.145*** (0.055) | 0.067 (0.047) | 0.081 (0.068) |
Time Effect | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
Region Effect | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
R2 | 0.132 | 0.384 | 0.324 | 0.387 | 0.234 |
