Table 3 Descriptive statistics.

From: Band together or go it alone? Climate risk and corporate collaborative innovation

Panel A: Descriptive statistics of variables

Variables

N

Mean

SD

Min

Max

p50

ci1

43,678

0.715

1.212

0.000

5.182

0.000

cc1

43,678

0.248

0.400

0.000

2.181

0.090

cc2

43,678

1.932

1.418

0.000

5.130

1.792

leverage

43,678

0.417

0.213

0.047

0.955

0.405

roa

43,678

0.035

0.070

−0.308

0.210

0.038

lnSale

43,678

21.373

1.556

16.388

25.583

21.266

dual

43,678

0.240

0.427

0.000

1.000

0.000

tang

43,678

0.340

0.178

0.000

0.781

0.328

indep

43,678

24.744

18.334

0.000

57.143

33.333

top1

43,678

33.956

14.989

8.090

74.820

31.610

growth

43,678

0.162

0.421

−0.603

2.694

0.098

lnage

43,678

1.984

0.996

0.000

3.367

2.197

cflow

43,678

0.046

0.071

−0.182

0.249

0.046

stranded

43,678

0.643

0.626

0.000

2.197

0.693

risk

43,678

0.333

0.471

0.000

1.000

0.000

Panel B: Annual descriptive statistics of climate risk

Year

cc1 (mean)

cc2 (mean)

2010

0.194

1.623

2011

0.157

1.657

2012

0.221

1.791

2013

0.22

1.822

2014

0.212

1.833

2015

0.231

1.579

2016

0.222

1.622

2017

0.212

1.606

2018

0.211

1.618

2019

0.201

1.596

2020

0.218

1.67

2021

0.318

2.426

2022

0.338

2.541

2023

0.344

2.624