Table 4 SDM test results.
Variable (Total value of nighttime light) | (1) | (2) | (3) |
|---|---|---|---|
Intra | Inter | Dual weight | |
Direct effect | |||
K | 1.083*** | 2.088*** | 0.977*** |
(0.139) | (0.164) | (0.182) | |
L | 0.164*** | 0.055 | −0.051 |
(0.047) | (0.045) | (0.107) | |
Indirect effect | |||
K | 0.164 | −2.784** | 0.222 |
(1.362) | (1.391) | (0.772) | |
L | 3.021*** | 2.033*** | 0.582** |
(0.591) | (0.462) | (0.227) | |
Total effect | |||
K | 1.247 | −0.696 | 1.199 |
(1.466) | (1.439) | (0.780) | |
L | 3.185*** | 2.088*** | −0.634*** |
(0.632) | (0.473) | (0.202) | |
Control | YES | YES | YES |
Observations | 920 | 920 | 920 |
R-squared | 0.767 | 0.758 | 0.721 |
yearfix | YES | YES | YES |
infix | YES | YES | YES |
