Table 8 Heterogeneity tests.

From: Governance or collusion? The M&A effects of common institutional ownership

Variables

(1) Long-Term/Short-Term

(2) Independent /Non-Independent

MA

CAR

ΔROA

MA

CAR

ΔROA

Long*Cross

−0.089*** (0.014)

0.004*** (0.001)

0.003* (0.002)

   

Long

−0.126*** (0.025)

0.005* (0.003)

0.007** (0.003)

   

Inde*Cross

   

−0.107*** (0.013)

0.005*** (0.001)

0.004** (0.002)

Inde

   

−0.008 (0.057)

−0.010 (0.008)

0.008 (0.008)

Controls

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Year/Ind

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Constant

−4.288***

0.103***

0.063

−4.280***

0.107***

0.056

 

(0.331)

(0.036)

(0.045)

(0.334)

(0.036)

(0.045)

Adj.R2

0.063

0.022

0.026

0.063

0.022

0.026

N

37525

6976

6976

37525

6976

6976

  1. ***, **, and * indicate significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively; standard errors in parentheses. After controlling for fixed effects, Cross is omitted; therefore, it is not included in the model separately.