Table 3 Economic resilience indicator system.

From: The relationship between FDI quality, new quality productivity forces, and economic resilience in China’s Yangtze River Delta region: insights from an empirical spatial Durbin model

Primary indicators

Secondary indicators

Tertiary indicators

Quaternary indicators

Economic resilience (ER)

Resistance

Economic development level

Per capita GDP

Residential leverage ratio

Loan balance of financial institutions / deposit balance of financial institutions

Social security level

Minimum number of living allowances

Recovery

Household consumption level

Consumption level of urban residents / consumption level of rural residents

Fiscal self-sufficiency

Fiscal revenue/fiscal expenditure

market size

Total retail sales of social consumer goods

Innovation

Advanced industrial structure

Proportion of output value of primary industry*1 + proportion of output value of secondary industry*2 + proportion of output value of tertiary industry*3

Education development level

Education expenditure accounts for fiscal expenditure

Development level of industrial enterprises

Industrial total output value above the plan