Table 4 Covariate balance test results (continuous variables only).

From: College students’ identity differences in offline and online learning environment and their effects on achievement motivation

Covariates

Standardized Differences*

Variance Ratio**

Raw

Matched

Raw

Matched

age

0.001

0.000

1.008

1.000

aca_hr

0.198

0.073

1.203

0.943

naca_hr

0.213

0.074

1.008

1.106

  1. *Threshold: less than 0.10 (Normand et al., 2001).
  2. **Threshold: close to 1.0; between 0.5–2.0 (Rubin, 2001).
Back to article page