Fig. 4: SST anomalies added for three sensitivity experiments and wind field anomalies based on the outputs.
From: More autumn tropical cyclone genesis in the South China Sea during El Niño to La Niña transition
a La Niña-Exp is conducted by adding observed cold SST anomalies over the central-eastern Pacific (25°S–25°N, 150°E–70°W). The other three sensitivity experiments, b Warm Pool-Exp, c Indian Ocean-Exp, and d Philippine Sea-Exp, involve adding observed warm SST anomalies over three key regions (Warm Pool: 25°S–20°N, 90°–150°E; Southeastern Indian Ocean: 0°–20°N, 120°–150°E; Philippine Sea: 25°S–0°, 90°–120°E) to the SON climatology-averaged SST (shading; °C), with observed cold SST anomalies also added over the central‒eastern Pacific (25°S–25°N, 150°E–70°W) in each experiment. The differences in wind field anomalies (m/s) in SON are shown between e La Niña-Exp and the control experiment, and f–h Warm Pool-Exp, Indian Ocean-Exp, Philippine Sea-Exp and La Niña-Exp, respectively. The green vectors indicate composite anomalies that are significant at the 95% confidence level.
