Fig. 1: Historical multi-model mean and uncertainty in annual snowfall.

a WRF–ERA5; (b) and (c) WRF–CMIP6 multi-model mean and standard deviation, respectively; (d) volumetric annual snowfall integrated over the given EPA ecoregions, based on gridded values. Bars, boxes, and whiskers represent the multi-model mean, ±1 standard deviation, and the full model spread, respectively. The dot beside each boxplot shows the WRF–ERA5 value.