Fig. 3: Contribution of decadal oceanic variability to decadal HWCIS fluctuations.
From: Decadal oceanic variability amplified recent heatwave in the Northern Hemisphere

a Regression of the decadal component of HWCIS (pale red curve in Fig. 1b) using the decadal oceanic variability, as represented by the decadal components of AMO and IPO for May–September (Fig. S5). The regression is significant at 95% confidence (P < 0.05), assessed with a random-phase resampling test55. b Relative contribution by the individual modes for 1942–2021 and the linear fitting for 2013–2021.