Table 1 Model evaluation parameters of DEML framework

From: Unequal spatio-temporal distribution of population-weighted pollution extremes through deep learning

Parameters

Training

Validation

Testing

RMSE (μg/m³)

16.23

17.85

17.36

MSE (μg/m³)

263.41

318.62

301.53

R2

0.922

0.894

0.902

NSE

0.920

0.887

0.889

PBIAS (%)

11.28

12.33

12.15