Fig. 3: Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and optimum Youden-index results of candidate models.

a The ROC and optimum Youden-index results of SwinT. b The ROC and optimum Youden-index results of Xception. c The ROC and optimum Youden-index results of PoolF. d The ROC and optimum Youden-index results of ConvNeXt.