Extended Data Fig. 2: Characterization of QAHR quantization in the presence of microwave leakage.
From: A unified realization of electrical quantities from the quantum International System of Units
Deviation of the Hall resistance from quantization, δRyx/RK = (Ryx − RK)/RK, was measured as a function of bias current I and PJVS microwave bias. The impact of the microwave leakage varied with the microwave frequency f. For f = 0 (blue circles, microwave bias disabled), each symbol represents the average of at least three measurements, each based on at least 30 observations. For other frequencies only one measurement (again, based on at least 30 observations) was performed for each current. Error bars show the Type A (statistical) uncertainty. Note that the uncertainty for some points may be smaller than the symbol. For the f ≠ 0 measurements, the PJVS microwave excitation was active (input power P = 1 mW), but the PJVS output voltage was zero. The frequencies fn in the legend are as follows: f0 = 9.701 GHz (orange crosses), f1 = 18.00 GHz (yellow squares), and f2 = 14.00 GHz (violet diamonds).
