Fig. 7: Efficacy of NMN in mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in Sod2-deficient oocytes with decreased mtDNA copy number.

a Schematic representation of NMN or PBS administration and hormone-induced superovulation in 3-month-old L/L, M and L/L, M; Cre female mice. Created with BioRender.com. b Body weight monitoring in mice subjected to NMN or PBS treatment (n = 3 per group). c Oocyte number after ovulation of mice with NMN or PBS treatment, n = 3 for each group. d Representative image of TMRM staining (red) of MII oocytes from PBS- and NMN-treated mice. e Quantification of TMRM signals in MII oocytes from (d). Data were mean ± SEM and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test, *p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001. f ATP levels in single oocytes of PBS- and NMN-treated female mice. Data were mean ± SEM and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test, *p < 0.05. g Representative images of spindle morphology and chromosome alignment in MII oocytes from PBS- and NMN-treated mice. Red, tubulin; blue, chromosome. h Quantitative analysis of the percentage of oocytes with aberrant spindles from (g). Each group consisted of oocytes obtained from 3 mice, and Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze the statistical differences between L/L, M and L/L, M; Cre treated with PBS or MNM, respectively.