Fig. 2: Opsin gene family tree showing convergence of visual opsins of the nocturnal butterfly, Macrosoma leucophasiata, with distantly related nocturnal moths.

Tree shows branches under positive selection. Branch color indicates diel activity (blue = nocturnal; light orange = diurnal) and their predicted ancestral diel state. Stars indicate branches or nodes detected to be under positive selection by the aBSREL test for episodic diversification. Circles at nodes indicate ML branch support, with the top half of each circle representing SH-aLRT values, and the bottom half representing ultrafast bootstrap values. Node fill indicates the amount of support; black (>70), grey (50–70), white (<50). Only key nodes of relevance are accompanied with circles. For a tree with support values for all nodes, see Supplementary Files.