Fig. 5: Histopathological changes in lungs of mice pre-treated with phages and challenged with P. aeruginosa PA14 strain.

a Histopathological analysis of the lungs of C57BL/6 mice that were pre-treated with bacteriophages VAC1 and VAC3 before P. aeruginosa infection. Representative photomicrographs of the lung region in a 20× objective. Staining with hematoxylin and eosin (HE); magnification at 20×; scale bar: 100 μm. b Histopathology scores of lungs from C57BL/6 mice pre-treated with bacteriophages VAC1 and VAC3 before P. aeruginosa infection. c Quantification of VAC1 and VAC3 by titration in the lungs (pfu/g) of mice treated with both phages. NI is non-infected with P. aeruginosa. The individual replicates plus SD are shown in (b) and (c). *** Significance of p < 0.0001 compared to the non-infected group. The results were analyzed using an unpaired t-student test.