Fig. 6: HNRNPD promotes chondrocyte senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro.

A Immunofluorescence with antibodies to HNRNPD in chondrocytes (scale bar: 100 µm). B Representative images of SA-βGal staining (scale bar: 100 µm). C Representative images of rhodamine staining (scale bar: 100 µm). The fluorescence intensities of HNRNPD (D), SA-βGal staining level (E), and fluorescence intensity of rhodamine (F) were analyzed. G Representative images of Mitotracker staining (scale bar: 100 µm). H The ratio of mitochondrial length was analyzed. I Representative images of JC-1 staining (scale bar: 100 µm). J The ratio of JC-1 fluorescence (red/green) was analyzed. Data were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5). ^**P < 0.01 and ^***P < 0.001 vs. control group; ^#P < 0.05 and ^##P < 0.01 vs. IL-1β group; ^&P < 0.05 and ^&&P < 0.01 vs. HNRNPD group.