Fig. 2: Polygenic overlaps and genetic correlations among CVDs, CeVDs, and RFs.

A The Venn diagrams showed the shared (gray) and unique polygenic overlap between one specific CVD (red) and one specific CeVD (blue). The numbers in the Venn diagram represent the estimated quantity and standard error (in parenthesis) of shared and unique variants (in thousands). The size of the circles represents the degree of polygenicity. The bar under the Venn diagram represents the estimated genetic correlation (rg) (scaling from −1 to +1) between two traits. The orange bar on the right means the positive genetic correlation, otherwise, it means the negative correlation. All the results in the figure are based on MiXeR analysis. B The genetic correlations between CVDs or CeVDs (y-axis) and RFs (x-axis). Red indicates a positive genetic correlation, while blue represents a negative genetic correlation. The top left section of each square corresponds to the genetic correlation estimated using LDSC, while the bottom right section corresponds to the genetic correlation estimated using HDL. Genetic correlations that remain significant after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.05/21, where 21 = 6 × 7/2) are denoted by an asterisk (*). “−” indicates that no estimation was available from either LDSC or HDL. CVDs cardiovascular diseases, CeVDs cerebrovascular diseases, RFs risk factors, CAD coronary artery disease, MI myocardial infarction, HF heart failure, AF Atrial fibrillation, AIS all ischemic stroke, SBP systolic blood pressure, TG total triglyceride, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, T2D type 2 diabetes, BMI body mass index, cIMT carotid intima-media thickness, rg genetic correlation, LDSC method linkage disequilibrium score regression, HDL method high-definition likelihood.