Fig. 1: Identification of MMT in patients with nephrocalcinosis-related CKD.

The histopathological images showed significant kidney atrophy, renal tubular injury, ECM deposition, and immune cell infiltration in gross observation (A), HE staining (B), and Sirus rad staining (C) from patients with nephrocalcinosis-related CKD. D Two-color immunofluorescence identifies MMT cells that coexpress macrophage (CD68, green) and myofibroblast (a-SMA, red) markers in nephrocalcinosis patients. Nuclei were stained with DAPI in blue. E Quantifying the number of CD68+ cells, a-SMA+ cells, and CD68+ a-SMA+ cells (experiments with n = 6 biologically independent samples). F Correlation analysis of MMT cell populations and glomerular filtration rate in patients with nephrocalcinosis-related CKD (n = 6). G Three-color immunofluorescence identifies cells coexpressing CD68 (green), a-SMA (red), and collagen I (pink) in patients. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 versus control group. Person correlation and two-tailed Student’s t test were performed.