Fig. 5: Abnormal T cell metabolism in membranous nephropathy.
From: Impact of immune cell metabolism on membranous nephropathy and prospective therapy
MN T cells exhibit enhanced glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as well as the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). ITA inhibits glycolysis and OXPHOS in Th17 and Treg polarised T-cells. MMF reduces the glycolytic activity and glutaminolytic fluxes of human CD4 + T cells activated in vitro. The loss of Pik3ip1 expression results in reduced OXPHOS and enhanced glycolysis in T cells. Epigenetic modifications resulting in metabolic reprogramming of Th17 cells, which leads to a reduction in mitochondrial biogenesis and concomitant anti-inflammatory effects. ITA Itaconic acid, MMF Mycophenolate mofetil, Pik3ip1 Phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase interacting protein 1. This image was created by Figdraw.
