Fig. 5: Impaired type-I interferon responses in severely and critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Bar plots representing quantitative analysis produced by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) performed using gene lists derived by comparison of critical versus mild COVID-19 in: A CD4⁺ effector T cell cluster, B CD8⁺ effector T cell cluster, C classical monocyte CD14⁺IL1B cluster, D non-classical CD16⁺ cluster, E mature B cells cluster and F naive B cell cluster; FDR ≤ 0.05. G Dot plot depicting expression levels of ISGs, in the total PBMC population, across disease state; the dot size represents the fraction of cells in the clusters, mean expression is colour coded as indicated. H Feature plots representing ISGs expression on the UMAP space in each disease state analysed.